You should not double when you know  your opponents are going to get a very bad break in their chosen trump suit unless you are sure they have no better spot. Obviously, this may be hard to judge even for a world class player. In the 1974 Bermuda Bowl, Pietro Forquet, member of the famed Italian Blue Team and and often  world champion, held A4,Q1097575, 86, J1063 and heard the bidding go one spade  to his right, one no trump (forcing) pass by his partner, two hearts  to his right, pass by him and four hearts to his right, passed around to him decided to double. His LHO then bid four spades which was   passed around to him. Given that his LHO had not shown a strong hand he doubled this also as he felt he had at least three tricks in his hand alone.  The full hand:

 

Dealer: Vul:		North
		♠	J 7 6
		♥	J 8 3 2
		♦	K Q J 2
		♣	A 8
West				East
♠	10 9 3			♠	10 9 3
♥	—			♥	Q 10 9 7 5
♦	A 10 9 5 3			♦	8 6
♣	Q 7 5 4 2			♣	J 10 6 3
		South
		♠	K Q 8 5 2
		♥	A K 6 4
		♦	7 4
		♣	K 9

 

I was South and Bob Goldman was North. Obviously, Bob bid a forcing  one no trump planning to make a limit raise in spades. When I rebid hearts it was automatic for him to raise to four hearts. He had the prescesence  of mind to work out what was happening and to  run to four spades when we were doubled the first time  Knowing how hearts were breaking the hand was easy for me to play. At the other table Benito Garozzo went down two in four hearts. The defenders on our team  at the other table,  Eric Murray and Sammy Kehela, passed throughout.